Guwahati: A recent six-day survey conducted by Aaranyak has shed light on the escalating human-wildlife conflict (HWC) in the Majuli River Island district of Assam.
The study aimed to identify sustainable measures to protect the growing population of one-horned rhinos that have strayed into Majuli from Kaziranga National Park, while also addressing threats to local livelihoods.
The survey, led by researchers Ujjal Bayan and Kakali Baishya from Aaranyak’s Rhino Research and Conservation Division (RRCD), engaged over 110 households, local communities, Vaishnavite monastery head priests (Satradhikars), forest officials, and law enforcement agencies.
The assessment covered areas in both Namoni Majuli, including Sesuguri, Lobak Khutar, and Ahotoguri Island, and Ujoni Majuli, spanning Kamalabari Ghat to Gejera.
Findings revealed a significant rise in human-wildlife conflicts compared to previous years.
Wildlife such as rhinos, wild buffaloes, wild boars, elephants, and tigers have increasingly damaged crops and livestock, posing severe risks to the largely agrarian population, nearly 90% of whom depend on agriculture for their livelihoods.
During the survey, the researchers met with Range Officer Abhijit Dolley and Additional Superintendent of Police Bitul Chetia to discuss the challenges and explore mitigation measures.
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Despite these challenges, the survey highlighted a positive aspect: Majuli’s wetlands are thriving with migratory birds this winter.
Species like glossy ibis, black-headed ibis, Indian spot-billed ducks, greylag geese, bar-headed geese, and purple swamp hens have been observed roosting, breeding, and feeding, underscoring the ecological richness of the island.
Aaranyak emphasised the urgent need for tailored conservation and management strategies that address Majuli’s unique geographic and ecological characteristics.
The organisation called for sustainable human-wildlife conflict mitigation measures, increased community awareness, and conservation-focused policy interventions to protect both the island’s biodiversity and the livelihoods of its residents.
Majuli’s distinct ecological significance demands immediate attention to ensure the coexistence of its human and wildlife populations, safeguarding the island’s fragile biodiversity for future generations.
