New Delhi: Researchers at the Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Guwahati are investigating how 3D-printed lattice-pattern concrete walls can boost a building’s thermal performance and energy efficiency.
Led by Dr. Biranchi Panda, Assistant Professor in the Department of Mechanical Engineering, the study delves into how innovative wall designs can help naturally regulate indoor temperatures.
The research, published in the journal Progress in Additive Manufacturing, focuses on lattice walls—structures made with repeating patterns of voids rather than being fully solid.
These walls, created using 3D concrete printing (3DCP), enhance airflow and reduce heat transfer, making them suitable for climate-smart building design.
They also require less material, minimize construction waste, and offer greater design flexibility.
“3D Concrete Printing is revolutionizing construction,” said Panda.
“Extrusion-based 3DCP allows structures to be built layer by layer from digital blueprints, eliminating the need for traditional formwork and reducing waste by up to 60%, construction time by 70%, and labor costs by 80%.”
Unlike traditional concrete walls, 3D-printed lattice walls can feature complex geometries tailored to specific performance needs.
Panda’s team conducted both lab experiments and computer simulations to assess how different lattice shapes, sizes, and patterns influence thermal performance.
While prior studies have looked into the effects of wall geometry on heat transfer, this research offers new insights into how 3D-printed lattice designs can be optimized for India’s varied climate zones.
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“Our findings show the potential for 3DCP to support more energy-efficient, cost-effective, and sustainable construction,” said Panda.
“This technology could transform affordable housing and urban development by enhancing natural temperature regulation and reducing resource use.”
The team is now developing resilient, multifunctional concrete structures to suit different climatic conditions across India, paving the way for greener building practices in the country.
